The European Roller (Coracias garrulus)

The Blue Jewel of the Plains

Overview

The European Roller (Coracias garrulus) is one of the most spectacular birds that grace our summers with its presence. With its intensely colored plumage in shades of electric blue and turquoise, this bird immediately catches the eye of any nature lover. Although not very common, it can be observed in open areas with clusters of trees, where it nests in old cavities.

Description

  • Scientific Name: Coracias garrulus

  • Size: Length 29-32 cm

  • Wingspan: 52-58 cm

  • Weight: 120-160 g

  • Lifespan: Approximately 5-10 years

  • Presence in Romania: Migratory species, present in spring and summer

  • Frequency: Relatively rare but locally abundant in certain regions

  • Status: Near Threatened (IUCN)

Characteristics

The European Roller is easily recognizable due to its vivid colors. Its body is predominantly blue, with greenish and turquoise hues, while the wings display purple and black reflections, visible in flight. Its strong beak allows it to catch prey with precision.

Habitat and Distribution

This species prefers open areas such as grasslands, agricultural fields, and forest edges, where it finds enough space to hunt insects. It nests in the cavities of old trees but can also use artificial nest boxes if properly placed.

Distribution in Romania

In Romania, the European Roller can be observed in Dobrogea, Muntenia, and southern Moldova, being less common in hilly and mountainous areas. It arrives in April-May and migrates to Africa in September.

Behavior

The European Roller is an agile hunter, capturing large insects, small reptiles, and even small mammals. It is known for its acrobatic flight and harsh calls during the breeding season.

Conservation Status and Threats

The population of this species is declining due to:

  • Deforestation, which reduces the number of old trees available for nesting.

  • Pesticide use, which affects food sources.

  • Human disturbance during the breeding period.

Where Can It Be Seen?

The best place to observe the European Roller is in Dobrogea, where vast grasslands and sparse vegetation provide an ideal habitat. During birdwatching tours in the Danube Delta, there are high chances of spotting it in the drier areas of the reserve.

Fun Facts

  • The European Roller gets its name from its preferred habitat—”dumbrăvi” (groves), areas with clusters of trees.

  • Unlike other brightly colored birds, its plumage is not the result of pigments but of the microscopic structure of the feathers, which reflect light.

  • In the past, it was considered a bird of good luck, and its feathers were used as talismans.

Conclusion

The European Roller is a true gem of Romania’s wildlife, offering a unique visual spectacle for bird enthusiasts. Protecting its habitats and installing artificial nest boxes are essential measures to ensure its survival. If you want to see it in all its splendor, join us on a birdwatching tour in the heart of Dobrogea!

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